As Principais obras filosóficas de todos os tempos

...

Por Samir Gorsky

Plato 427–347 BC

Protagoras;
Gorgias;
Meno;
Timaeus;
Philebus;
Phaedrus;
Symposium;
Phaedo;
Republic;
Theaetetus;
Sophist;
Parmenides;
Cratylus;
Laws

Aristotle 384–322 BC

Metaphysics;
Nicomachean Ethics;
Politics; Categories;
De Interpretatione;
Prior and Posterior
Analytic;
Topics;
Physics;
De Anima;
Rhetoric;
Art of Poetry

Marcus Tullius Cicero 106–43 BC

On the State;
On the Laws;
On Duties

Plotinus AD 204–70

Enneads

Porphyry the Phoenician c. 232–304

Introduction to Aristotle’s Categories

St Augustine of Hippo 354–430

Confessions (397–400);
City of God (413–26)

Pseudo-Dionysus the Areopagite, fifth century

On the Divine Names and the Mystical Theology

Boethius c. 480–524

Consolation of Philosophy

John Eriugena c. 810–75

De Praedestinatione;
De Divisione Naturae

Avicenna of Baghdad (Ibn Sina) 980–1037

Healing;
The Directives and Remarks;
Deliverance

St Anselm of Canterbury 1033–1109

Monologion;
Proslogion

Peter Abelard 1079–1142

Dialectica

Averroes of Cordoba (Ibn Rushd) 1126–98

The Incoherence of the Incoherence

Moses Maimonides c. 1135–1204

The Guide for the Perplexed

Robert Grosseteste c. 1170–1253

De Luce;
De Motu Corporali et Luce;
Hexameron

Albert the Great c. 1200–80

Opera Omnia

Roger Bacon c. 1214–92

Opus Maius

St Thomas Aquinas 1224–74

Summa Theologiae

John Duns Scotus c. 1265–1308

Ordinatio;
Quaestiones Quodlibetales

William of Ockham c. 1285–1349

Summa Logicae

Joseph Albo c. 1360–1444

The Book of Principle (1425)

Nicolaus Copernicus 1473–1543

On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Orbs (1543)

Jean Calvin 1509–64

Institutes of the Christian Religion (1536)

Michel Eyquem de Montaigne 1533–92

Essays

Francisco Suárez 1548–1617

Disputationes Metaphysicae (1597)

Francis Bacon 1561–1626

Novum Organum (1620)

Galilei Galileo 1564–1642

Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems (1632);
Dialogues Concerning Two New Sciences (1638)

Hugo Grotius 1583–1645

On the Law of War and Peace (1625)

Thomas Hobbes 1588–1679

De Cive (1642);
Leviathan (1651);
De Corpore (1656);
De Homine (1658)

René Descartes 1596–1650

Discourse on Method (1637);
Meditations on First Philosophy (1641);
Replies to Objections to the Meditations (1641–2);
Principles of Philosophy (1644);
Passions of the Soul (1649)

Blaise Pascal 1623–62

Pensées (1670)

Robert Boyle 1627–91

The Origin of Forms and Qualities according to the Corpuscular Philosophy (1666);
A Disquisition about the Final Causes of Natural Things (1688)

Benedict de Spinoza 1632–77

The Principles of Descartes’s Philosophy (1663);
Treatise on the Improvement of the Intellect;
Short Treatise on God, Man and his Well Being;
Tractatus Theologico-Politicus (1670);
Ethics (1677)

John Locke 1632–1704

Essay Concerning Human Understanding (1690);
Two Treatises on Government (1689);
A Letter Concerning Toleration (1689)

Nicolas Malebranche 1638–1715

The Search after Truth (1674–5);
Dialogues on Metaphysics and Religion (1688)

Isaac Newton 1642–1727

Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica (1687)

Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz 1646–1716

Discourse of Metaphysics (1686);
New Essays on Human Understanding (1704);
Theodicy (1710);
Monadology (1714);
Leibniz–Clarke Correspondence (1717);
Correspondence with Arnauld (1846)

George Berkeley 1685–1753

Essay towards a New Theory of Vision (1709);
A Treatise Concerning the Principles of Human Knowledge (1710);
Three Dialogues between Hylas and Philonous (1713)

Francis Hutcheson 1694–1746

Inquiry into the Origins of Our Ideas of Beauty and Virtue (1725)

Thomas Bayes 1702–61

An Essay towards Solving a Problem in the Doctrine of Chances (1763)

Thomas Reid 1710–96

Essays on the Intellectual Powers of Man (1785);
Essays on the Active Power of Man (1788)

David Hume 1711–76

A Treatise of Human Nature (1739);
Enquiry Concerning Human Understanding (1748);
Dialogues Concerning Natural Religion (1799)

Jean Jacques Rousseau 1712–78

Discourse on Inequality (1755);
The New Héloïse (1761);
Émile (1762);
The Social Contract (1762);
Confessions (1782–9)

William Blackstone 1723–80

Commentaries on the Laws of England, 8th edn (1778)

Adam Smith 1723–90

Theory of Moral Sentiments (1759);
The Wealth of Nations (1776)

Adam Ferguson 1723–1816

Essay on the History of Civil Society (1767)

Immanuel Kant 1724–1804

Critique of Pure Reason (1781, 2nd edn 1787);
Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals (1785);
Metaphysical Foundations of Natural Science (1786);
Critique of Practical Reason (1788);
Critique of Judgement (1790);
Religion within the Limits of Reason Alone (1793);
Metaphysics of Morals (1797);
Opus Postumum

Marquis de Condorcet 1734–94

Essay on the Application of Analysis to the Probability of Majority Decisions (1785);
The Sketch for a Historical Picture of the Progress of the Human Mind (1795)

Johann Gottfried Herder 1744–1803

Outlines of a Philosophy of the History of Man (1784–91)

Jeremy Bentham 1748–1832

A Fragment on Government (1776);
An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation (1789)

Mary Wollstonecraft 1759–97

A Vindication of the Rights of Men (1790);
Vindication of the Rights of Women (1792)

Friedrich Schiller 1759–1805

Letters on the Aesthetic Education of Mankind (1794–5)

Johann Gottlieb Fichte 1762–1814

The Science of Knowledge (1794 and later revised editions);
The Science of Ethics as Based on the Science of Knowledge (1796);
The Vocation of Man (1800);
The Characteristics of the Present Age (1806)

George Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel 1770–1831

The Jena System 1804–5:
Logic and Metaphysics (1804–5);
The Phenomenology of Spirit (1807);
Science of Logic (1812–16);
Encyclopaedia of the Philosophical Sciences (1817);
The Philosophy of Right (1821);
Aesthetics (1835);
Lectures on the Philosophy of Religion (1832, 1840);
Lectures on the Philosophy of World History (1837, 1840);
Lectures on the History of Philosophy (1892–6)

Friedrich von Schelling 1775–1854

Ideas for a Philosophy of Nature (1797);
The System of Transcendental Idealism (1800);
On the Essence of Human Freedom (1809)

Bernard Bolzano 1781–1848

Wissenschaftslehre, 4 vols (1837)

William Hamilton 1788–1856

Lectures of Metaphysics and Logic (1859–60)

Arthur Schopenhauer 1788–1860

On the Fourfold Root of the Principle of Sufficient Reason (1813);
The World as Will and Idea (1818)

John Austin 1790–1859

The Province of Jurisprudence Determined (1832)

Auguste Comte 1798–1857

Cours de philosophie positive, 6 vols (1830–42)

John Stuart Mill 1806–73

Bentham (1838);
Coleridge (1840);
System of Logic, 2 vols (1843);
Principles of Political Economy, 2 vols (1848);
On Liberty (1859);
Utilitarianism (1861);
An Examination of Sir William Hamilton’s Philosophy (1865);
Subjection of Women (1869);
Autobiography (1873)

Charles Darwin 1809–82

The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection (1859);
The Descent of Man (1871)

Søren Kierkegaard 1813–55

On the Concept of Irony (1841);
Either/Or (1843);
Fear and Trembling (1843);
Philosophical
Fragments (1844);
The Concept of Dread (1844);
Stages on Life’s Way ;
Concluding Unscientific Postscript (1846);
The Sickness Unto Death (1849)

Karl Marx 1818–83

Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts (1844);
The Communist Manifesto (with Engels, 1848);
Grundrisse (1857–8);
Preface to A Critique of Political Economy (1859);
Capital (1867–94)

Eduard Hanslick 1825–1904

On the Musically Beautiful (1854)

Wilhelm Dilthey 1833–1911

Introduction to the Human Sciences (1883);
Formation of the Historical World in the Human Sciences (1910)

Franz Brentano 1838–1917

Psychology from an Empirical Standpoint (1874), augmented in 2nd edn (1911) and 3rd edn (1925);
The Origin of Our Knowledge of Right and Wrong (1889); Truth and Evidence
(1930)

Henry Sidgwick 1838–1900

The Methods of Ethics (1874)

Ernst Mach 1838–1916

The Analysis of Sensations (1914)

Charles Sanders Peirce 1839–1914

Collected Papers (8 vols, 1931–58)

William James 1842–1910

The Principles of Psychology, 2 vols (1890);
The Varieties of Religious Experience (1902);
Pragmatism (1907);
The Meaning of Truth (1909);
Essays in Radical Empiricism (1912)

Friedrich Nietzsche 1844–1900

The Birth of Tragedy (1872);
Daybreak (1881);
The Gay Science (1882);
Thus Spoke Zarathustra (1883–5);
Beyond Good and Evil (1886);
On the Genealogy of Morals (1887);
The Twilight of the Idols (1889);
Ecce Homo (1908)

Francis Herbert Bradley 1846–1924

Appearance and Reality (1893)

Gottlob Frege 1848–1925

Begriffsschrift (Concept–Script) (1879);
The Foundations of Arithmetic (1884);
The Basic Laws of Arithmetic (1893);
‘The Thought’ in Strawson, ed., Philosophical Logic (1967);
Translations from the Philosophical Writings of Gottlob Frege (1980)

Ferdinand de Saussure 1857–1913

Course in General Linguistics (1916)

Émile Durkheim 1858–1917

The Rules of Sociological Method (1895);
Suicide (1897);
The Elementary Forms of Religious Life (1912)

John Dewey 1859–1952

Experience and Nature (1925);
The Quest for Certainty (1929);
Art as Experience (1933);
Liberalism and Social Action (1935)

Edmund Husserl 1859–1938

Logical Investigations, 2 vols (1900–1); Ideas:
General Introduction to Pure Phenomenology (1913);
The Phenomenology of Internal Time Consciousness (1928);
Cartesian Meditations (1931);
The Crisis of European Sciences and Transcendental Phenomenology (1954)

David Hilbert 1862–1943

Foundations of Geometry (1899)

Max Weber 1864–1920

The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (1904–5);
Economy and Society (1922)

Ferdinand Canning Scott Schiller 1864–1937

Humanism: Philosophical Essays (1903)

Benedetto Croce 1866–1953

Aesthetics as the Science of Expression and General Linguistics (1902)

John McTaggart 1866–1925

Nature of Existence, 2 vols (1921–7)

Bertrand Russell 1872–1970

Principles of Mathematics (1903);
Principia Mathematica (with Whitehead, 1910–13);
Problems of Philosophy (1912);
The Theory of Knowledge (1913);
Our Knowledge of the External World (1914);
The Philosophy of Logical Atomism (1918);
Introduction to Mathematical Philosophy (1919);
The Analysis of Mind (1921);
The Analysis of Matter (1927);
An Inquiry into Meaning and Truth (1940);
Human Knowledge (1948)

George Edward Moore 1873–1958

Principia Ethics (1903);
Philosophical Studies (1922);
Some Main Problems of Philosophy (1953);
Philosophical Papers (1959)

Albert Einstein 1879–1955

The Meaning of Relativity (1921);
Collected Papers, 2 vols (1987–9)

Luitzen Egbertus Jan Brouwer 1881–1966

Collected Works (1975–6)

Hans Kelsen 1881–1973

General Theory of Law and State (1949);
Principles of International Law (1967);
Pure Theory of Law (1967);
General Theory of Norms (1991)

Clarence Irving Lewis 1883–1964

An Analysis of Knowledge and Valuation (1946);
The Ground and Nature of the Right (1955)

Karl Barth 1886–1968

The Epistles to the Romans (1919);
Church Dogmatics (1932)

Robin George Collingwood 1889–1943

The Principles of Art (1938);
An Essay on Metaphysics (1940);
The Idea of History (1946)

Martin Heidegger 1889–1976

Being and Time (1927);
The Basic Problems of Phenomenology (1927);
Kant and the Problem of Metaphysics (1929);
Basic Questions of Philosophy: Selected ‘Problems’ of ‘Logic.’ Lectures (1937–8);
An Introduction to Metaphysics (1954);
What is Called Thinking? (1954);
The Principle of Reason (1957);
On the Way to Language (1959);
Nietzsche, 4 vols (1961);
Pathmarks (1967);
On Time and Being (1969);
Poetry, Language, Thought (1971);
The Question Concerning Technology and Other Essays (1977)

Ludwig Wittgenstein 1889–1951

Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus (1922);
The Blue and Brown Books (1933–5);
Philosophical Investigations (1953);
Notebooks 1914–16 (1961);
Remarks on the Foundations of Mathematics (1966);
Zettel (1967);
On Certainty (1969);
Philosophical Remarks (1975);
Culture and Value (1980)

Rudolph Carnap 1891–1970

The Logical Structure of the World and Pseudoproblems in Philosophy (1928); The Logical Syntax of Language (1934);
Meaning and Necessity (1947);
Logical Foundations of Probability (1950)

Friedrich August von Hayek 1899–1992

The Road to Serfdom (1944);
The Constitution of Liberty (1960);
Law, Legislation and Liberty, 3 vols (1973–9)

Gilbert Ryle 1900–76

The Concept of Mind (1949);
Dilemmas (1954);
Collected Papers, 2 vols (1971)

Hans-Georg Gadamer 1900–2002

Truth and Method (1960)

Michael Oakeshott 1901–92

Experience and Its Modes (1933);
Rationalism in Politics (1963);
On Human Conduct (1975);
On History (1983)

Frank Plumpton Ramsey 1902–30

The Foundations of Mathematics and Other Logical Essays (1931)

Lon Fuller 1902–78

The Morality of Law (1969)

Karl Popper 1902–94

The Open Society and Its Enemies, 2 vols (1945);
The Logic of Scientific Discovery (1959);
Conjectures and Refutations (1963);
Objective Knowledge (1972)

Alfred Tarski 1902–83

Logic, Semantics, and Metamathematics (1956)

Theodore Adorno 1903–69

Dialectic of the Enlightenment (with Horkheimer, 1947);
Negative Dialectics (1966)

Alonzo Church 1903–95

Introduction to Mathematical Logic (1956)

Emmanuel Levinas 1905–96

Totality and Infinity (1961);
Otherwise than Being or Beyond Essence (1974);
Ethics and Infinity (1982)

Carl Hempel 1905–97

Aspects of Scientific Explanation (1970)

Jean-Paul Sartre 1905–80

Sketch for a Theory of the Emotions (1939);
The Psychology of Imagination (1940);
Being and Nothingness (1943);
Critique of Dialectical Reason, 2 vols (1960, 1985)

Kurt Gödel 1906–78

Collected Works (1986–)

Nelson Goodman 1906–98

The Structure of Appearance (1951);
Fact, Fiction and Forecast (1954);
The Languages of Art (1968); Ways of World-Making (1978)

Leopold Senghor 1906–2001

Liberté (1964)

Herbert Lionel Adolphus Hart 1907–92

Causation in the Law (with Honoré, 1959);
The Concept of Law (1961);
Essays on Bentham: Studies in Jurisprudence and Political Theory (1982)

Simone de Beauvoir 1908–86

The Second Sex (1949)
Claude Lévi-Strauss 1908–
Structural Anthropology (1958);
The Savage Mind (1962)

Maurice Merleau-Ponty 1908–61

Phenomenology of Perception (1945);
The Adventures of the Dialectic (1955);
Signs (1960);
The Visible and the Invisible (1964)

Willard Van Orman Quine 1908–2000

From A Logical Point of View (1953);
Word and Object (1960);
Set Theory and its Logic (1963);
The Ways of Paradox (1966);
Ontological Relativity (1969);
The Roots of Reference (1974);
Theories and Things (1981)
Isaiah Berlin 1909–97
Four Essays on Liberty (1969);
Vico and Herder: Two Essays in the History of Ideas (1976);
Against the Current (1980);
The Crooked Timber of Humanity: Chapters in the History of Human Ideas (1991)

Alfred Jules Ayer 1910–89

Language, Truth and Logic (1936);
Foundations of Empirical Knowledge (1940);
The Problem of Knowledge (1954);
The Central Questions of Philosophy (1973)

John Langshaw Austin 1911–60

How to Do Things with Words (1961);
Philosophical Papers (1961);
Sense and Sensibilia (1962)

Alan Turing 1912–54

Collected Works of A. M. Turing (1990)

Wilfred Sellars 1912–89

Science, Perception and Reality (1963);
Science and Metaphysics: Variations on Kantian Themes (1968);
Naturalism and Ontology (1980)

Herbert Paul Grice 1913–90

Studies in the Ways of Words (1989)

William Herbert Walsh 1913–96

An Introduction to Philosophy of History (1967)

Monroe Beardsley 1915–85

The Aesthetic Point of View (1982)

Donald Davidson 1917–

Essays on Actions and Events (1980);
Inquiries into Truth and Interpretation (1984)

Louis Althusser 1918–90

For Marx (1965)

Gertrude Elizabeth Margaret Anscombe 1919–2001

Intention (1957);
An Introduction to Wittgenstein’s Tractatus (1959);
Collected Philosophical Papers, 3 vols (1981)

Richard Mervyn Hare 1919–2002

The Language of Morals (1952);
Freedom and Reason (1963);
Moral Thinking (1981)

Peter Frederick Strawson 1919–

Introduction to Logical Theory (1952);
Individuals (1959);
The Bounds of Sense (1966);
Logico-Linguistic Papers (1971);
Freedom and Resentment (1974);
Subject and Predicate in Logic and Grammar (1974);
Skepticism and Naturalism: Some Varieties (1985);
Analysis and Metaphysics (1992)

Philippa Foot 1920–

Virtues and Vices (1978)

John Jamieson Carswell Smart 1920–
Philosophy and Scientific Realism (1963);
Essays Metaphysical and Moral (1987); Our Place in the Universe (1989)

William Alston 1921–

Divine Nature and Human Language (1989);
Epistemic Justification (1989); Perceiving God (1991)

William Dray 1921–

Laws and Explanation in History (1957);
Perspectives on History (1980)

John Rawls 1921–

A Theory of Justice (1971);
Political Liberalism (1993); The Law of Peoples (1999);
Collected Papers (1999)

Thomas Kuhn 1922–97

The Copernican Revolution (1957);
The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (1962); The
Essential Tension (1977)

John Hick 1922–

Faith and Knowledge (1957);
Evil and the God of Love (1966);
Philosophy of Religion (1966)

Paul Feyerabend 1924–94

Against Method (1974);
Philosophical Papers, 2 vols (1981)

Arthur Danto 1924–

Analytic Philosophy of History (1965);
Analytic Philosophy of Action (1973);
The Transfiguration of the Commonplace (1981)

Michael Dummett 1925–

Frege: Philosophy of Language (1973);
Truth and Other Enigmas (1978);
The Logical Basis of Metaphysics (1991);
Origins of Analytic Philosophy (1993)

Michel Foucault 1926–84

Madness and Civilisation (1961);
The Order of Things: An Archaeology of the Human Sciences (1966);
The Archaeology of Knowledge (1969);
Discipline and Punish (1975);
The History of Sexuality I–III (1976–84)

David Armstrong 1926–

A Materialist Theory of Mind (1968);
Universals and Scientific Realism (1978)

Hilary Putnam 1926–

Mathematics, Matter and Method (1975);
Mind, Language and Reality (1975);
Realism and Reason (1983);
Representation and Reality (1988)

Noam Chomsky 1928–

Syntactic Structures (1957);
Cartesian Linguistics (1966);
Knowledge of Language (1986);
Deterring Democracy (1992);
Language and Thought (1993),
The Minimalist Program (1995)

Jürgen Habermas 1929–

Knowledge and Human Interests (1968);
The Theory of Communicative Action, 2 vols (1981);
The Philosophical Discourse of Modernity (1985)

Alasdair MacIntyre 1929–

A Short History of Ethics (1966);
After Virtue (1981); Whose Justice? Which Rationality? (1988);
Three Rival Versions of Moral Enquiry (1990)

Bernard Williams 1929–

Problems of the Self (1973);
Descartes: The Project of Pure Enquiry (1978);
Moral Luck (1981);
Ethics and the Limits of Philosophy (1985);
Shame and Necessity (1993);
Making Sense of Humanity (1995)

Jacques Derrida 1930–

Speech and Phenomena (1967);
Of Grammatology (1967);
Writing and Difference (1967);
Margins of Philosophy (1972);
Positions (1972);
The Gift of Death (1995)

Ronald Dworkin 1931–

Taking Rights Seriously (1977);
A Matter of Principle (1985);
Law’s Empire (1986)

Richard Rorty 1931–

Philosophy and the Mirror of Nature (1979);
Consequences of Pragmatism (1982);
Contingency, Irony, and Solidarity (1989);
Objectivity, Relativism, and Truth (1991)

Charles Taylor 1931–

The Explanation of Behaviour (1964);
Hegel (1975);
Philosophical Papers, 2 vols (1985);
Sources of the Self (1989);
The Ethics of Authenticity (1991);
Multiculturalism and the Politics of Recognition (1992)

Luce Irigaray 1932–

Speculum of the Other Woman (1974);
Je, Tu, Nous: Towards a Culture of Difference (1990)

Alvin Plantinga 1932–

God and Other Minds (1967);
The Nature of Necessity (1974)

John Searle 1932–

Speech Acts (1969);
Intentionality (1983);
The Rediscovery of the Mind (1992);
The Construction of Social Reality (1995)

Richard Wollheim 1932–

Art and Its Objects (1968);
The Thread of Life (1984);
The Mind and its Depths (1993)

Jerry Fodor 1935–

The Language of Thought (1975);
The Modularity of Mind (1983);
Psychosemantics (1987);
A Theory of Content and Other Essays (1990);
Holism: A Shopper’s Guide (with Lapore, 1992)

Michael Walzer 1935–

Spheres of Justice (1983)

Thomas Nagel 1937–

The Possibility of Altruism (1970);
Mortal Questions (1979);
The View from Nowhere (1986)

Robert Nozick 1938–2002

Anarchy, State and Utopia (1974);
Philosophical Explanations (1981);
The Nature of Rationality (1993);
Invariance: The Structure of the Objective World (2001)

Joseph Raz 1939–

Practical Reason and Norms (1975);
The Authority of Law (1979);
The Concept of a Legal System (1980);
The Morality of Freedom (1986)

Saul Kripke 1940–

Naming and Necessity (1980);
Wittgenstein on Rules and Private Language (1982)

David Lewis 1941–2002

Convention (1969);
Counterfactuals (1973);
Philosophical Papers (1983–7);
On the Plurality of Worlds (1986)

Gerald Alan Cohen 1941–

Karl Marx’s Theory of History: A Defense (1978);
History, Labour and Freedom: Themes from Marx (1988)

Daniel Dennett 1942–

Content and Consciousness (1969);
Brainstorms (1978);
The Intentional Stance (1987);
Consciousness Explained (1991)

Gareth Evans 1946–80

The Varieties of Reference (1982);
Collected Papers (1985)

Peter Singer 1946–

Animal Liberation (1975);
Practical Ethics (1979);
Rethinking Life and Death (1995)

Michele le Doeuff 1948–

Hipparchia’s Choice: Essays Concerning Women and Philosophy (1990)

Referências
The Blackwell Companion to Philosophy, Second Edition
Edited by Nicholas Bunnin, E. P. Tsui-James
Copyright © 1996, 2003 Blackwell Publishers Ltd